銅鐘的形狀構(gòu)造是怎樣的

銅鐘早在原始社會(huì)，作為禮器的鐘就出現(xiàn)了。當(dāng)時(shí)的鐘或以木制，或以竹制，或以陶制，是一種簡單的打擊樂器。隨著青銅文化的開始，在商周時(shí)期出現(xiàn)了青銅鐘。

As early as in primitive society, bronze bells appeared as ritual vessels. At that time, the clock was made of wood, bamboo or pottery. It was a simple percussion instrument. With the beginning of bronze culture, bronze bells appeared in the Shang and Zhou dynasties.

鐘有特鐘和編鐘之別，特別人的鐘叫特鐘，能單獨(dú)的懸在架上。成組依大小次序懸在一個(gè)架上的是編鐘，大小和它的高低音有關(guān)系，有的十六個(gè)為一組。現(xiàn)存的鐘有西周初期以至春秋戰(zhàn)國時(shí)期的，戰(zhàn)國較盛行。鐘用木槌敲擊演奏，考古發(fā)現(xiàn)的編鐘，有槌同時(shí)出土。

There are special clocks and chimes. Special people's clocks are called special clocks, which can be hung on the rack alone. Hanging on a shelf in groups in order of size is the chime bell. Its size is related to its high and low tones. Some 16 are in a group. The existing clocks are from the early Western Zhou Dynasty to the spring and Autumn Warring States period, which is more popular in the Warring States period. The bell is played with a wooden mallet. The chime bell found in archaeology was unearthed at the same time.

形制:鐘的形制有兩種，一種是帶高的筒形紐，鐘的下口兩邊突出如月牙形；另一種上端的紐是扁的，有的紐作伏獸形，鐘下口是平的。

Shape: there are two kinds of shapes of the clock. One is a cylindrical button with height, and both sides of the lower mouth of the clock protrude like a crescent; Another kind of button at the top is flat. Some buttons are in the shape of an animal, and the lower mouth of the clock is flat.

花紋:一般鐘的花紋兩邊相同，每邊大率有六排（每排三個(gè)）共十八個(gè)突出的乳。乳的形狀有突出如柱的，有突出作螺旋形的。有“乳”的點(diǎn)綴，是銅鐘區(qū)別于鉦、饒、鐸、鈴等的特點(diǎn)。

Pattern: generally, the pattern of the clock is the same on both sides, and there are six rows (three in each row) with a total of 18 prominent breasts on each side. The shape of the milk protrudes like a column or spirals. The embellishment of "milk" is the characteristic that the clock is different from Zheng, Rao, duo, bell, etc.